The traditional pharmacological treatment for mental disorders requires the correction of hypothetical biochemical abnormalities in critical structures of the central nervous system. Anxiety disorders have a component of emotional learning. DCS seems to exert an effect on the emotional learning component, accelerating the process of associative learning and contributing to an improvement in symptoms. Studies with animal models strongly suggest that DCS facilitates the process of extinction of conditioned fear. On the other hand, antagonists at the glutamatergic NMDA receptor, which is linked to learning and memory, seem to block learning of extinction of fear. DCS would have a role in enhancing the learning of extinction of fear, a central mechanism in exposure therapy. The aim of this paper was to perform a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the efficacy of DCS as a strategy of augmentation of CBT in patients with anxiety disorders. The use of scales with summary scores for assessing risk of bias has been criticized and discouraged. For this reason we decide to use an Diperodon adapted model of the graphs proposed by the Cochrane Collaboration to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies included in this review. For this evaluation we mainly took into consideration the following items: randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, selective reporting and type of analysis. Each of these items was classified as ����low risk of bias����, ����high risk of bias���� or unclear. Sivelestat sodium tetrahydrate Because studies have made use of different scales for anxiety disorders, we estimated the difference of standardized means to obtain the summary measure using fixed effects models. Thus, the differences between the final scores in the intervention group and in the control group were expressed in number of standard deviations. Negative values indicate/favor the intervention group. Standardized effect sizes were presented using a forest-plot. The heterogeneity between the results of the studies was assessed using the chi-square test for heterogeneity and I2 statistic. The I2 represents the proportion of the total variance that is due to inter-study variation. Values below 30% suggest a low variability in the results across studies. Analyses were performed using Stata 12.